There are several types of shingles that can be used on a roof. The most common types of shingles used in residential roofing include:

1. Asphalt Shingles: Asphalt shingles are the most popular type of roofing material in North America. They are made of a fiberglass mat base with an asphalt coating that is topped with ceramic granules. Asphalt shingles are available in two types: three-tab shingles and architectural shingles. They are relatively affordable, easy to install, and come in a variety of colors.
2. Metal Shingles: Metal shingles are made of steel, aluminum, or copper, and can be designed to mimic the look of other roofing materials such as tile or wood. Metal shingles are durable, lightweight, and low-maintenance. They are also energy-efficient and can reflect heat to keep the home cooler in the summer.
3. Tile Shingles: Tile shingles are made of either clay or concrete, and can be shaped into a variety of different styles, such as Spanish or mission. They are extremely durable, fire-resistant, and can last for up to 100 years with proper maintenance. However, they are heavy and require a strong roof structure to support their weight.
4. Wood Shingles: Wood shingles are made of cedar, redwood, or other types of wood. They are durable, energy-efficient, and offer a natural, rustic look to the home. However, they can be expensive, require more maintenance than other types of shingles, and are not as fire-resistant as other materials.
5. Rolled roofing is a type of roofing material that is made up of large rolls of felt or fiberglass material that are coated with asphalt. It is a low-cost roofing option that is typically used for flat or low-slope roofs, such as on sheds, garages, and other outbuildings.
6. Membrane roofing is a type of roofing system that is made up of a single layer of waterproof material. The membrane is typically made of rubber, plastic, or synthetic materials, and is installed in layers over the roof deck. Membrane roofs are lightweight, durable and provide excellent waterproofing protection.
7. Flat roofing: Flat roofing is a type of roofing system that is commonly used on commercial and industrial buildings. Flat roofing is characterized by its low-slope design, which is usually between 1/4 inch and 3/4 inch. The low-slope design helps to minimize the potential for water damage as well as providing increased insulation. Flat roofing systems are generally constructed with a membrane, such as a single-ply, rubber, or asphalt, that is applied over a substrate, such as plywood or concrete.
8. Rubber roofing: Rubber roofing is a type of roofing material that is made from a type of synthetic rubber called EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer). Rubber roofing is popular because it is easy to install, durable, and cost–effective. It is also resistant to extreme temperatures, UV radiation, and water, making it a great choice for homes in areas with harsh climates.
9. Gable roofs:  Gable roofs are one of the most common and recognizable types of roof design, characterized by their triangular shape. The steep pitch of a gable roof allows rain, snow, and other precipitation to easily slide off, which helps to prevent water damage and other issues.